Method of making knocked-down boxes and improved cartridge containers



NOV. l9, 1946. BERG$TE|N 2,411,144

METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 3, 1941 9 SheetsSheet l .EIG 2a. .gggigg 15 745 BQZA;

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NOV. 19, 1946. BERGSTElN 2,411,144

METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 5, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 R o Q Q U Q U Q j? BG-ZL INVENIOR.

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Nov. 19, 1946. R. M. BERGSTEIN METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS Flleu Nov 3 1941 9 SheetsSheet 4 INVENTOR. V foaayr Muff/s Bums TEMI.

' I ATTORNEYS.

4' 1946- R. M. BERGSTEIN A 9 METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 5, 1941 I ATTQRN EYS- BERGSTEIN METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Nov. 19, 1946. R

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Nov. 19, 1946. R BERGSTElN 2,411,144

METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR.

ATTO R N EYS- 1946- R. M. BERGSTEIN 2,411,144

METHOD OF MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 3, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 UIQE TE'fi INVENTOR. BY foaz rllo lsfizssrzlm ATTORN E Y5.

Patented Nov. 19, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD OF MAKING KNOCKED-DOWN BOXES AND IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CON- TAINERS Robert Morris Bergstein, Cincinnati, Ohio Application November 3, 1941, Serial No. 417,622

6 Claims.

The increased production of small arms ammunition has brought forward many new problems in the packaging of these items, such as .30- caliber and .50-caliber cartridges. Many of the cartridge cartons and containers now in use are made in set-up form, which is a slow and costly process and is often not adapted to large volume requirements. From another standpoint, containers now in use for packaging ammunition of a certain type require separate partitions. This adds another slow and costly operation, and one poorly adapted to high speed production packaging.

My invention as herein disclosed eliminates these inherent defects, and high speed production of the boxes themselves is made possible, as well as the provision of boxes that are adapted to high speed modern filling and loading operations. It is an object of my invention to achieve "the production of knocked-down containers adapted. for ready erection for the packaging of car operation. A still further object of my invention. is to achieve such production in multiple units,

thereby increasing still further the speed of manufacture. A still further object of my invention includes the providing of one piece knocked-down containers having a suitable par- .1 tition forming an integral part thereof which is automatically squared up in a loading position as the container itself is squared up, the produc- Fig. 3 is a perspective showing the knockeddown box of Fig. Zn in which form it is shipped to the arsenal or point of loading.

Fig. 3a is an enlarged section taken along line 3a-3a of Fig. 3, but with the box in partly erected position to more clearly illustrate the folded relation of the various panels.

Fig. 3b is a fragmentary section similar to Fig. 3a, but illustrating an alternate folded arrangement of the panels asproducedby the method-of Figs. 5a through 5e.

Fig. 4 is a perspective with parts brokenaway illustrating the knocked-down box-of Fig. 3 as it appears when squared-up.

Figs. 5a through 5e show a portion of a series of folding and gluing operations which may be performed on the blank of Fig. 1, to produce the alternate folded arrangement of the panels as Fig. 6 shows another type of blank made according to my invention, without the internal partition.

Figs. 7a through 7e show successive stages of folding and gluing of the blank shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the box produced from the blank of Fig. 6, squared up.

Fig. 9 shows a type of blank alternative to the blank shown in Fig. 6.

Figs. IOathrough lool show the successivefolding and gluing operations of the blank shown in Fig. 9, Fig. 10d being a perspective of the box in erected position."

Fig. .11 illustrates-two tapered types of blanks,

articulated by a line of perforation.

tion of such integrated partition in the containers by successive high speed gluing and folding, operations, and to providea means whereby varying thicknesses of stock in the glue seam are com- I pensated for, to assure secure and dependable adhesion. These and otherobject's of'my invention will become more apparen'tas the description thereof proceeds, reference being had. to the claims appended hereto as to thenature and rows indicatingthe direction of motion.

Figs. 1211 through 12c illustrate successive stages in the folding and gluing of these multipleunit blanks shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 illustrates a multiple unit produced by the operations of Fig. 12, as the units appear when torn apart.

Fig. 14 illustrates one of the individualunits shown in Fig. 13 as it appears in perspective when squared up.

Fig. 15 is a perspective illustrating a modification of the container shown in Figs. '1 through 4, the containers being in partly erected position.

Figs. 16a through loc illustrate the blank and certain folding operations incident to forming the container of .Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a perspective showing in partly erected position a container embodying the principles of the container of Fig. 15, but being of different proportions andhaving a modified inner partition.

Fig. 18 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view illustrating how the modified inner partition of Fig. 15 is produced.

Fig. 19 is a section taken along line I9I9 of Fig. 18.

Figs. 20, 21, 22 and 23 illustrate a blank and a sequence of folding and gluing operation performed thereon to produce a further modified type of container.

7 Fig. 24 is a, perspective showing the container formed from the blank of Fig. 20 in its flat or knock-down form.

Fig. 25 is an enlarged top plan view of the container shown in Fig. 24, but in partly erected position.

Fig. 26 is a view similar tov Fig. 25 but showing the container completely erected.

Fig. 27 is a section taken along line 21-41 of Fig. 26.

V Fig. 28 is an enlarged fragmentary portion of the blank of Fig. 20.

Fig. 29 is a plan view of another alternative blank. 7 7

Figs. 30a through Bile illustrate consecutive steps in folding the blank of Fig. 29. h

Fig. 31 is a perspective showing the container produced from the blank of Fig. 29.

Fig. 32 is a. sectional view illustrating a con- 1tainer similar tothe container o-fFig. 3l but of preferably made from cardboard or other semi- -rigid material ofthis nature, with the various panels and walls thereof as shown, defined by lines of articulation, which lines of articulation may be creases, partially cut scores, or perforations which define the respective panels and flaps, and permit folding thereof. 1

The blank then shown in Fig. 1 comprises a top flap I articulated to the front wall 2. To eachside of front wall 2 is articulated a side wall 3 and 4, each of which side walls has as shown a medial line of fold and-6 respectively. These side walls have glue flaps 7 and 8 articulated thereto, and each of these glue-flaps as'shown in the drawing has three corner tabs articulated to it, which tabs are numbered. II,- I8, I9, 2%), 2i, and 22, respectively. 4

The bottom wall 9 has a medialline of fold therein indicated at II'L. Articulatedtoithe bottom wall 8 is the back wall II to which the glue fiapsare tobe adheredjin the course of folding .and gluing the carton-as will be subsequently explained. Articulated to back wall II is an inner supporting panel I3 and articulated to 13 is the partition panel I4. The particularexarnple now being described has two rows of holes or circular cut-outs indicated in partition'panel I4 and between thesetwo rows 'of holes is a medial fold line I5. Articulated to the partition panel I4 is the partition glue flap It.

Before proceeding with the description of the foldingand gluing operation onthe blank,f.a brief discussion of the terms as used in the description above might be in order. Some of the other forms of the present invention, to, be described later, do not involve the use of the corner tabs or the inner partition, but the main structural parts are common to most of the forms of the invention shown, and so far as possible, the same terms will be followed hereafter in describing them. For example the front wall will be considered the main body wal t0 Wh G l the side walls are articulated, whereas the wall to which the glue flaps are adhered will be designated as the back wall. The two opposite walls of the main carton body which have the parallel medial fold lines therein Will be referred to as the side walls- It is to be noted that each of these descriptive terms-as used above in. connection with Fig. l, and which will be followed insofar as possible in the remainder of this case, are used merely for the purpose of clarity in language and description and are not to be considered as limiting in any way the relative dimensions or the position of the various walls and panels, etc., so' referred to.

Referring now to the diagrammatic series of drawings 2a through 29, the blank shown in Fig. 1

is moved along in the direction of the arrow indicated in Fig. 2a, and the initial step is pref-' erably the application of adhesive, as designated by the stippled areas, in this drawing.- Itcan be seen that one shaded area I2, extends across the back wall II, another shaded area 2'! extends across the front wall 2 and adhesive has also been applied to the pair of corner tabs I I and i8 as indicated. v U 7 After the adhesive has thus been applied the initial folding step as shown in the preferred method is to fold inwardly the inner supporting panel I 3 as shownin Fig. 2b. As this is done, the partition glue flap I6 is preferably restrained slightly from following the completefolding action just described, by means of a properly positioned sword or guide to facilitate the next folding operation. a

This next folding operation as shown in Fig. 20 consists of folding reversely the outerhalf. 0f the partition panel, with the glue flap I6 articulated thereto, along themedial'fold line'.l5 of the partition panel.

With these folded portions being retained in folded position, the next stage, as shown in Fig. 2d, is to fold inwardly along the medialfold' line ID of the bottom wall 9. c

Thereafter as shown in Fig. 2e, the projecting corner tabs II andI8 are folded inwardlyto.

Thereafter, as illustrated by the arrow in Fig.

2f the-position of the, carton in relation to its direction of motion is changed, the carton now being moved parallel to the lines of fold defining the side walls, In this new orientation ad-- hesive is again applied in the, areas as indicated by the stippled portions. As shown in this figure the adhesive application covers thereinaining two pairs of corner tabs If; and 2i 2!, and 22, as well as the upper surface of the two portions indicated on the back wall II. V a Subsequently, as shown in Fig.2g, these two remaining pairs of corner tabs I9, 20, ZI and 22 are folded inwardly, with tabs I9 and 20, overlying the previously infolded tabs 11- and I8 and the tabs 2| and 22 overlying the glue flaps I and 8 respectively. x 1

Subsequently, as shown in Fig. 271., the folding is carried out along the two medial fold lines 5 and 6 of the side walls, completing the operation.

Shown in Fig. 222 is a diagrammatic representation of a'conventional stacker, where'the folded .application of adhesive to the corner tabs Fig.3 shows the folded glued box in knockeddown form just as it comes out of the pressure conveyor shown inFig. 21, in which form the box is shipped to-the plant where the filling operation is to be performed. As seen in this drawing the container is in flat knocked-down form, providing a compact article which can be shipped and efficiently and economically.

When it is desired to pack or fill this container, it can be squared up instantly for use merely by pressing inwardly on the two outer sides, that is,

stored.

on the two medial fold lines 5 and 6 of the side walls. The result of so squaring up the container is. pictured in Fig. 4, where it will be seen that not only does this one simple motion square up the body of the container itself, but likewise serves to bring up into position substantially at right angles to the main body walls the bottom wall 9 of the container, and simultaneously also application 28 to the inner supporting panel I3 adjacent to the line of articulation of the partition panel I l and the application of adhesive to an area 29 shown on wall 2 and likewise the IT and I8.

Next, as shown in Fig. 5b the inner supporting panel 13 is folded inwardly.

As shown in Fig. 5c the partition panel I4 is now folded reversely, along its line of articulation to the inner supporting panel l3.

Next as shown in Fig. 5d, the outer portion of the inner supporting panel and the glue flap are folded forwardly, along the medial line of fold l5 of partition I.

The next step consists of retaining the folded portions in folded position and folding over along the medial fold line H) of the bottom panel 9 which folding corresponds to the step illustrated in Fig. 2d of the previously described sequence. From this point on the folding and gluing operationsiollow in the same order as previously described in connection with 2d through 2g, and it is therefore not necessary to repeat these again here.

It can be seen that substantially the same results are produced by the alternate method above as by the preferred method previously described, the finished product in each case being substantially identical except that by the preferred method, as illustrated in Fig. 3a., the inner partition i4 is folded in a downward V in relation to the top or open end of the box, whereas, in the alternate method just described this partition, as illustrated in Fig. 3b, is folded in an upward V shape, along its medial fold line IS, in relation to the top or open end of the box.

Even inthe initial stages of the folding and gluing it will be apparent that there is a close relationship between my alternate and preferred method. 1 In both instances the initial fold is that of folding inwardly the inner supporting panel, and the subsequentfold is a reverse folding action along a folded line located in the portion initially folded inwardly. Thereafter both involve the retention of this compound fold, that is, at least one regular fold and one reverse fold, while the sections so retained are folded inwardly along the medial score line of the bottomwall of the box. Subsequent to this folding, the operation of folding and gluing may be identical in both cases, as previously noted.

A moredetailed discussion of the corner tabs l1, l8, I9, 20, 2| and 22 is now in order. The primary purpose of these tabs as may be noted broadly, is to secure dependable adhesion. To go into somewhat more detail, the customary means of applying pressure to secure adhesion in folding box gluing and folding machinery is to deliver the folded and glued containers on a slow moving canvas belt under overhead pressure belts, the cartons being stacked in lapped or offset relation between the Opposite belts just described with the combination of time and pressure so applied in this conveyor providing the means whereby the adhesion of the seams is accomplished.

With such an arrangement if certain areas or portions of the folded' carton have a greater thickness than other portions, this thicker portion tends to relieve the pressure from the portions of less thickness, so thatit is difficult (if not impossible) to secure adhesion between areas of a folded carton wherethere are fewer thicknesses of board, particularly if these adjoin areas where there are more thicknesses or layers of board. As a matter of fact even in other types of pressure conveyors, which would hardly be practical for a box of this type, where the folded and glued blanks are stacked vertically to produce some pressure thereon, this same principle holds true that either in a straight or a lapped stack an area of greater thickness in the folded blank tends very decidedly to relieve or take away any pressure from being applied to areas of lesser thickness. 7

Referring back now to my preferred method for a moment and the drawings illustrating" it, a study of the container as it appears in Fig. Set will reveal the following condition. Starting with the medial fold line Ill of the bottom wall of the carton, the area over the main body of the carton, between this media] fold line and the reversely folded medial fold line l5 of the partition I4 comprises 'two layers or thicknesses of board. From the reversely folded medial fold line L: to the end of the partition glue flap l6 there are four thicknesses of stock. Then from the end ofyglue flap [5 to the line of fold at the top of the carton, there arethree thicknesses of board.

Now, by the introduction of the corner tabs in l the number and position, as describedgit will be apparent that this very difficult problem of the varying thicknesses present has been completely overcome. The superimposed tabs ll, I8, I9 and 20 produce two eXtra layers at the portion adjoining the base. The tabs 2! and 22 introduce an extra layer of stock in the upper portion as just described in the preceding paragraph. The result, therefore, is that the folded carton as seen in FiglfZh for example has a total of five layers of board for substantially the complete length of the two parallel areas of panels I and 8 which'are to be seamed, that is, secured by adhesion, so that as the cartons go. into the pres-. sure conveyor shown in Fig. 22', the thickness of result: It may a'lso be noted that in this par-- -ticular *form two tabs are folded a'nd'glued in the first'direction'of motion and'four tabs are glued and-folded in the second direction'of moction, and one pair of 'this'last mentioned four are folded-and glue'd'over'the first mentioned pair. :While the description and the operation thus farhas been confined to the folding and gluing of one blank at a time, We mayif desired readily double up these" units, doubling the output thereby; To achieve th sfithe' blanks may-be,

joined together bylines of perforation orother lines of severance'along th'e outer edge ofthe top panel I. Thetwo blanks thusj'oined'are thereupon processed as a unit, duplicate operations being performed on each blank on either 'side of the 'line'of severance" just noted.

The methods abovedscribed nia'ybe carried out-onseveral different types of mechanism with only minor modifications. (Dne' such general type ofmecha'nism Well adapted to "this purpose is that-disclosed"in"'samuel Bergsteins Patents $1 1,926,364,'September'IZ; 1933f 1,974,408; September 25, 1934' and 2,149,111, February 28, 1939.

With'such'machine's'j' my method herein disclosed canbe readily accomplished, with necessary'minor' adjustments of the folding devices; the first series of parallel folds being carried out on'the firstangle o fthese' machines'and then after the direction of motion has been changed and the blank'is 'traveli'ngdown the second angle or' in the" second dir'e'ction, the remaining series of folds are accomplished: It is also within the province of my invention, if desired,to'follow my method on the blank of my invention by utilizing two separate straight'line gluing and folding machines; 'In such'a case for example, the initial series of folds and gluing'is accomplished on one machine, of a straight line type, and thereafter the blank in folded position as delivered from the first machine is placed in the'second machine in a re-oriented "position and the remaining folding and gluing operations carried out therein} Or if desired, a' combination of straight line and right angle machine might be utilized ifde sirable. -It is" feasible for' 'example; to provide blanks such as described above either in single or in double units, pass them through a straight line folding andgluing machine of the standard type to fold over and glue down the inner supporting panel or panelsa nd thereafter take such blanks with'these folds retained and accomplish the remainder of the-folding and'gluing in the right angletype gluing machine such as mentioned above;

There are many novel features inherent in my blank and process 'for' folding and gluing same, as described, aside from the features of the particular corner tabs described, and it is to be understood that 'I' do not wish to be confined or limited by the presence of the cor'ner'tabs 'orby their particular location or order of folding. In the preceding description,'fo'r example, a' series of folds in the initial direction of motion up to the fold of themedial line of the bottomwall of "are the followingf 8 the carton is described as being carried o ut in advance of the folding of the first pair for corner tabs, and it is obvious, for exampleKthatjf'desiredjthe "corner tabs couldbe folded in first,;and thereafter"; the other foldingoperations' carried out as described. 'As previouslymentioned a common, and important feature Ofboth'fny preferred and alternate: methods as outlined above consists of making the foldof the inner supporting panel and 'a second reversefold, thereafter retaining this compound'foldflinfolded position prior to the final folding down of -what wouldbe the line of the base of the carton.

Among the structural features of this form of my invention which 'a're w orthy of special note The base o'rbottom 9 of the carton is a solid panel with no glue seam. In packing heavy articles: such as cartridges, this is a feature :Qf importance. 13y providing thetwoivertical glue seams on the outside of the main cartonbody thereis no'interference or obstructioneither with j iar'tition or with the contents to be packed. smm 'the'standpoint of utility the 'afdvantages of this automatiocarton which can be squared up in asingle' motion and which provides automatically thereby a squared up interior partition ready for loading, "are also readily apparent. From the standpoint of lahor'and material and separate assembly'cost, the usual type'of crossconnected or bellows partitions, 'whichl' ave heretofo're been made separately and :then inserted in an outer carton, obviously involves much more labor as Welles material and h'andlingcost v My container, due to the features above explained, is particularly well-adapted to automatic loading. il/hen a separate, I or inserted, partition such as mentioned in thepreceding paragraph is used, as has been the widespread practice the position and retentionpf the partition in the quter carton'is' not'fixedand secure. The inner partition of my container, "as: described, is not only an inherent and'iritegral part ofthe' outer carton itself, but it is firmly adhered in position, and cannot slip or come outer place, but is always in a fixed predetermined'location and position, and rigidly held there, when the carton is opened; these factors plus the simplicity and automatic feature of the entire package, make it uniquely and particularly adaptable to automatic'machinery for the loading of shells and cartridges.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated analtern'ateform of blank, which has no interior partition. The box as formed from this blank and as seen in Fig. 8 is adapted to the packaging of cartridges which are already gripped in clips, like. the Garand or Springfield clips, and thereforerequire no interior partition.

Referring again to Fig. 6 the blank shown "is similar in many respects to the previous'form described and consists of 'a top flap la,ifront wall 2a, side Walls 3a and to having medial lines of fold therein 5a and Lia, bottom wall 9a hav ing a medial fold line Ilia and a back Wall I la. However, as shown 'there are wings 23 and 24 articulated to the back wall i la and inner corner flap 25 and' 26 respectively articulated to the side walls 3a and 4a.: Figs; 7a through 73 illustrate successive stages of folding and gluing of theblank'just described, the direction of motion'being preferably as indicated'by the arrows shown. In Fig. 7a the initial folding as shown is the folding in of the two inner corner flaps 25'and2lt respectively.

' The next fold as shown inFig". '71 consists of an inward fold along the medial fold line Illa of the bottom wall of the box.

Now with these folds retained in folded position the direction of motion in relation to the position of the blank is changed as indicated by the arrow.

In this new orientation the first, step preferably is the application of adhesive, and as indicated by the stippled portions in Fig. '10 this consists of applying adhesive to the upward facing surface ofthe wings 23 and 24 as well as to the upward facing surface of the glue flaps la and Ba.

- As not illustrated, but as will be readily un-' derstood, the next step consists of depressing either by a sword or other fixed member the extending side walls 3a. and 4a. Since these walls project, this depressing can be readily accomplished by a properly positioned fixed folding member and the purpose of so depressing these walls is to provide a clearance space beneath the wings 23 and 24 whereby a folding member can be arranged to engage under these wings to turn them inward.

This inward turning of wings 23 and 24 is shown in the Fig. 701 which shows the wings folded in to be adhered to the panel Ila.

The final fold to complete the box is illus trated in Fig. 7e which fold consists of turning in the side walls 3a and 4a, and the overlying infolded inner corner flaps 25 and 26, along the medial lines of fold 5a and 6a. The result of this folding operation is clearly shown, and in this glued and folded form the carton is preferably placed under pressure to secure adhesion.

In passing, it might be noted that as an alternative I may, if desired, fold the wings 23 and 24 inward, instead of outward, i. e. have these auxiliary wings 23 and 24 folded under the back wall Ha. In this event the wings will be folded prior to the folding of back wall Ha, and would preferably be the width of the side walls and would not be adhesively secured to the rear wall Ha. In this alternate form it is apparent that the wings will still serve the purpose of providing an extra thickness of materialadjacent to the glue fiaps to help provide assured adhesion and it will be apparent that when a box so constructed is squared up these internally folded but unglued wings can be opened parallel to the side walls 3a and Act, providing an extra thickness of stock at the sides of the box to add reinforcement and make the finished box more rigid.

Fig. 8 shows the finished container as produced' by the preceding series of steps in squared up position. It should be noted that the inner corner flaps 25 and 25 are shown in upstanding position, but will fall into a position at right angles to the walls to which they are articulated, of their own accord as the container is squared up, but if necessary, these can readily be manipulated into desired position. The flaps 25 and 26 will thus serve to reinforce the bottom of the container.

In regard to the wings 23 and 24, as described above, it should be noted that as shown in the drawings these may extend sufficiently far so as to meet when folded across the back wall, thereby bracing the container and contributing to its strength. It is obvious, that if desired, shorter wings could be used and also that in addition to their reinforcing characteristics these wings may provide additional thicknesses of material, to facilitate pressure in a drying conveyor, as previously described in connection with the corner tabs employed in the container of Figs. 1 through 4.

It might be noted at this point that if desired these wings, such as described in connection with the form above, might be used on the partition type container described in Fig. 1 to form a single continuous wing on either side, or on a portion of either side, of the rear wall, either alone or in connection with inner tabs as described.

The blank shown in Fig. 9 is a modification of the blank shown in Fig. 6, eliminating the wings 23 and 24 and the inner corner flaps 25 and 26.

The operations of folding and gluing the blank shown in Fig. 9, are illustrated in Figs. 10a. to 100. Initially the folding is along the medial fold line Nib of the bottom wall while the blank is carried in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 10a.

Thereupon the direction of motion is changed in relation to the position of the blank, and adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the glue flaps 1b and 8b as shown by the stippled portions in Fig. 10b, or, if desired, the adhesive may be applied to the corresponding meeting surfaces of the back wall Hb. Thereafter as shown in Fig. 100 the outer portion of the two side walls and the glue flaps are folded over along the medial lines 5b and 6b completing the operation. In this glued and folded state the blanks are put under pressure to secure adhesion. The erected box thus formed is shown in Fig. 1041.

In Fig. 11 are illustrated two blankswith a tapered or pyramid shape, secured together by a line of severance 35. As shown in the drawings, each blank comprises a front wall 20, side walls 30 and Lie having medial score lines therein 5c and 6c and articulated to these side walls are glue flaps 1c and 80. There is a bottom wall having a medial fold line Iflc therein, and a back wall I I0.

The folding and gluing operation begins with taking this multiple unit in the direction of motion indicated by the arrow, and folding each unit along its base medial line lllc. In this folded position the carton is as illustrated in Fig. 12a.

Now the position of the carton in relation to its direction of motion is changed, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 12b and in this neworientation the first step is the application of adhesive, which is indicated by the shaded areas, onto the upwardly facing surface of the glue flaps. It is here again apparent that, if desired, adhesive might be applied to the corresponding meeting surface of the back wall. Next, as shown in Fig. 120, the side walls are folded in along the medial lines of fold therein and in this position the cartons are put under pressure to secure adhesion. If desired, upon emerging from the pressure conveyor the carton can be torn apart, as indicated in Fig. 13, into the two individual units, or they can be left together to'be severed at the point of packing if desired.

Fig. 14 illustrates this carton in squared up position, and as in the previously described cartons, this is accomplished merely by pressing in the two medial fold lines on the opposite side walls. It can be noted clearly in this figure that the shape is a pyramidal or a tapered shape with the large end being the open end. I This type of paper pocket is particularly adaptable to be used in carrying two loaded Springfield clips or a single Garand rifle clip, for the purpose known as bandolier pockets which are inserted into the canvas pockets of ammunition belts.

Several particular points in connection with the tapered container should be noted. In the second direction of motion the folding in along medial lines is carried out along lines that are slightly at a bias to the actual motion of the car ton itself, due to the shape of the cart-on. By the use of proper overhead supports these folds cah be readily accomplished, as the medial score lines form a point of less resistance than the adjoining 'solid panel areas; and it is advantageous, too, to have these cartons in multiple units as shown. 7 It should also be noted that the outer edges of the glue flaps have been tapered in a reverse manher to the taper of the carton, thereby squaring up the outer edge of the flat blank. This offset taper of the lue flaps provides a square outer condition of the fiatblank which is of great importance in facilitating the accurate feeding and handling of these containers on high speed folding and gluin equipment.

In regard to the glue flaps, a point might be noted in regard to this particular form last described'as well as the other forms of my invention disclosed herein. The usual practice in carton making is to attach the glue fla to the main panels or one of the wide panels of the certon, and adhere it to one of the narrower side panels. This places the glue seam on the side walls, of course. a

This procedure is very difiicult on narrow cartons such as those required to hold two rows of 30-caliber cartridges. There are two reasons for this:

First, the Width of the glue seam is limited extremely, making its retention uncertain; and second, by the usual practice on a narrow carton the problem of folding a very narrow side wall would be encountered which operation is diilicult to accomplish accurately on high speed folding and gluing machinery- In Fig. 15 I have shown a container similar to the container of Fig. 4 but having a modified partition arrangement comprising suitably perforated panels I lilc and Itilb joined to panels MI and I42 by lines of articulation I lla and I42a the panels I4! and I42 being joined by a line of articulation I43. Referring to Fig. 16a, which shows the blank required for this container, adhesive may be applied to the areas IZdand Z'ld and with the blank moving in the direction indicated by the arrow, the first fold may be inward about the line of articulation M4. This fold brings the panels to the position of Fig. 16b wherein the glue flap led is adhered to the walls 211 by adhesive 21d and panel I301 is adhered to panel (1 by adhesive I201. With the blank still moving in the direction as indicated, adhesive may now be applied as at I45 to the panel I42, or to a corresponding area of panel I 4| The next folding operation will be about the score line I43 which in the position shown, coincides with the medial score line I Ild of the bottom panel, to bring the panels to the position of Fig. 160 wherein the panels MI and I42 are adhered by the adhesive I45.

The direction of travel of the thus folded blank may now be changed and adhesive applied as indicated by the stippled areas after which the tabs ZIdand 22d will be turned in to overlie panels 1d and 801 respectively' The final folding, before the blanks are placed under pressure to assure adhesion, will be that of turning the side walls about their medial lines of articulation 5d and 66! so that the glue flaps 1d and 8d become adhered to the panel II d.

' Referring again to Fig. 15,, it. is tobe noted that the panels MI and I42 form a vertical leg .or divi i Wa l e ten in n ath. the a t o members 14M and [40b to the bottom panel 5d. The advantage of the divider thus formedde apparent in that it serves additionally to keep the rowsiof cartridges apart, and, disregarding the small amount of extra, stock required, the construction described does not complicate manufa re or It will be apparent that an underne th glue wheel may be employed for application cradhesive as required to the dividing wall panels, the adhesive application occurring before folding of the blank takes place. It will be apparent that the partition may be located at anyheight in the carton where it may be desired and also thatthe center divider panels can extend downward from the, partition to the bottom of the box or only a portion of the way toward the bottom. However, as not shown in the drawings but as will be understood, when it is not desired to extend the divider wall completely to thebottom of the box, a different folding sequence than that shown inFigs. 16a through 16c will be required. Referring to Fig. 16?) and assuming that the panels MI and I42 are of less height than those shown, the fold line I43 will not coincide with the medial fold line Illd of the bottom panel but will occupy a position lower than that shown. Thus it will be necessary to next fold the panel MI reversely from the position shown, after which the next step will be to retain the thus folded panels inthat relation and fold forwardly about the medial fold line Iild of the bottom panel to bring the assembly to the position of Fig. after which the final folding is as usual.

Fig. 17 illustrates a box similar to the box of Fig. 1-5 but having the partition panels located at a proportionately greater height within the container and having an alternate type of openings in the partition itself. Referring to Figs. 18 and 19 the alternate openings are formed by a series of I i-shaped cuts I41. The areas of material I48 within these cuts are bent downward as shown, being retained to the panel body by small triangular portions I49.

In the construction of Fig. 17 it is to be noted that no pads or tabs for equalizing the pressure applied during the adhesive setting period are required. This will be apparent from inspection as,taken-along the glue flap Id, the carton embodies five coextensive thicknesses of material. In the container of Fig. 15 the pressure pads 2 Id and 22d may be employed to compensate for the thickness or layer of material absent near the top of the container due to the lower termination of glue panel Hid,

In the-forms of my invention as illustrated in Figs. ZO' through 32 I have provided containers having further 'improvedinner partitionsian d dividing' members.

Referring to Fig. 20, the blank here shown has a lid or top panel Ie, front wall 2e, side walls 3e and 4e which have medial score lines 56 and 6e respectively, glue panels 1e and 86, a bottom panel 9e having a medial fold line IUe, a rear wall I Ie to which rear wall is articulated the panels I50 and I 5| which embody my improved inner partition and divider member. The panels I 50 and I5I are articulated to an intervening panel I52 having a medial score line I53.

Ad-hesivemay be applied to the blank as at I54, [55 andl55 afterwhich the first folding operation may be to the position seen in Fig. 21 where iii the panels|50 and I5I have been folded forward about their line of articulation to panel He, the adhesive areas serving to secure the panels as shown.

With the panels in the position of Fig. 21, adhesive may now be applied to the area I51 of panel, I5I, or to a corresponding area of panel I50, after which the next folding operation, to position the parts as seen in Fig. 22, takes place upon the fold line I53 which fold line coincides with the medial fold line Ie of the bottom panel. The panels I50 and II will thus be secured together by the adhesive I51 at their center portions, that is, the center portions thereof which lie between the diagonal cuts I56. At their outer margins the panels I50 and I5I will be secured respectively to the body panels He and 2e by the adhesive areas I 54, I55 and I56 before mentioned.

The final folding is illustrated in Fig. 23, where the side walls have been folded inwardly about their medial fold lines 5e and 6e, adhesive having been applied to the glue flaps 1e and 6 .or to corresponding areas of the back wall I la.

The panels I50 and I5I each have two series of diagonal cut lines generally indicated at I58, which cut lines in conjunction, with score lines I59 form parallelogram shaped areas or slanting bands I60. It is to be noted that the panels I50 and I5I are offset as at I6I in relation to the front and rear walls of the container.

.Thepanel I65 is itself divided into a pair of panels I66 and I61 by a score or fold line I68, which score. line is located medially of an offset portion I69 common to both panels.

. The panels I66and I61 are each provided with diagonal cut lines I16 and-score lines I" as shown, thus forming parallelogram shaped areas I12 which areas will ultimately form cells within the container.

Adhesive may be applied as indicated, after which the first folding operation will be to turn inwardly the flaps I63 to a position where the; will overlie and be adhered to bottom panel I0! asshown in Fig. a. The flaps I63 thus provide a double wall for the bottom of the container. It will be understood that the flaps I63 may be folded while the blank is traveling in its initial direction of motion as indicatedby the arrows, and that this can be readily accomplished by timed kickers for the trailing flap, and by breaking the scores of the advancing or forward flap upward and then having this flap meet a slight projection which folds it rearwardly in relation to the direction of travel.

With the blank folded and glued as described,

and in its flat form as in Fig. 24, the container is erected by application of pressure on the opposite side walls as indicated by the arrows. Fig. 25 illustrates the action which occurs as the container is erected. The offset portion I6I of the panels I and I5I will be engaged by the side wall 4e, pushing the panels to the left as seen in that figure and causing the parallelogram shaped areas or slanting bands I60 to bend about their lines of articulation I56 as shown.

Complete erection of the carton, as illustrated in Figs. 26 and 27, brings the bands I66 to position at right angles to the side walls of the carton and to the panels I56 and I5I thus forming cells which are particularly easy to load because each cell is full size, that is, bounded by vertical walls only. Also, as seen in Fig. 27, the bands I60 are duplicated near the top and near the bottom of the container to hold the cartridges extremely securely, particularly since the container also provides a center dividing wall. Cartridges I62 are indicated by broken lines in Fig. 27.

It is also to be noted in the container of Figs. 20 through 27 that the panel I52 provides a double wall at the bottom of the container, which wall is of particular importance since the cartridges are packed nose down. Itis further to be noted that in this construction no pressure equalizingtabs are necessary. However, on the one side ofthe partition which is inset, and which is the left side as shown in the drawings, the glue flap of the side wall on that side may be widened or extended somewhat to move the glue seam closer to the center of the container, thus avoiding possibility that the slight inset of the underlying partition may cause difficulty in applying sufiicient pressure to secure adhesion at the seam.

The blank of Fig. 29 is similar to that of Fig. 20 excepting that to the ultimate bottom wall I0) of the container I have shown articulated flaps I63, and articulated tothe panel II by line of artic- Wall panel generally indicated at I64.

The next folding operation will be to fold the panels I66 and I61 about the line of articulation I66 to the position seen in Fig. 30b where it will be observed that panel I66 will become adhered to panel I If in the area of adhesive I13.

Withthe panels thus folded adhesive may now be applied to an area I14 of panel I61, as shown, or to a corresponding area of panel I66. It will be understood that the adhesive I14 may, if desired, be applied previous to the folding of panels I66 and I61 by means of an underneath glue wheel. However, with application of adhesive by either of the methods described, the next step will be to fold reversely about the fold line. I68 bringing the panels to the position of Fig. 300

. where it will be noted that the panels I65 and I 61 will be adhered together within the area of the adhesive application I14.

Thereafter, with the panels retained in their thus folded relation, the next folding operation will be to fold forwardly about the medial score line I01 of the bottom panel bringin the panels to the position seen in Fig. 3011, where it may be observed that panel I61 will now be adhered to front wall panel 2f in the area of adhesive application I15.

The final folding to complete the container will be as shown in Fig. 306 where the side walls have been folded about their medial fold lines 5 and 6 to bring the main glue flaps 1] and 8] to position overlying the rear wall panel I If. The container thus folded will, of course, be placed under pressure to allow complete adhesion between the various panels.

Fig. 31 shows the container in erected position, the container being brought to that position merely by exerting pressure upon the medial fold lines of the side walls, as in all previous modifications described. In Fig. 31 it is to be noted that by the construction described the cells of the container are formed by a single row of the slanting bands or parallelogram shaped areas I12; that the divider wall, formed by the portions of panels I66 and I61 which adjoin the fold line I63, does not extend completely to the bottom of the container; and that the glue flaps 1,7 and 8 being of maximum width form. a reinforcement for the rear panel I I f. V I

An important modification of the carton of Fig. 31 is shown in Fig. 32. The container here illustrated is of proportionately shallow depth as '15 required by certain cartridges and for this purpose the cell formation by a single row of slanting bands HZa is especially applicable and desirable being more simple and easy to produce than the construction of Fig. 27 where the cells are formed by an upper and lower row of the slanting bands.

It is characteristic to nOte that the slanting bands of Figs. 20 through 32 are placed on each half or rather on each side of the medial line of fold of the inner partition member, in such a way that when the folding is carried out along the medial lines of the partition member the slanting bandsa-re in alignment or registry. In the case of Fig. '27, where the inner partition goes all the way down around th bottom and then up the opposite side wall, there are preferably two such complete series of slanting bands, with an area between them which may be glued together, and in the alternate style like that of Fig. 31 there is just one series on each side of the medial fold line, and a space below that which may be adhered together. The inner partition projects to one side of the media1 fold line of the side wall,

and this is true of both the type with the single as well as th double row of partitions or compartments.

Referring to Figs. 33' through 37 I have shown a furthermodification of the partitions and divider. Fig. 33 shows a fragment of a blank similar to that of Fig. 29, the blank being modified in regard to the extreme lower panels l66aand I 61a asshown.

The panels 166a and -l61a are joined by a fold line or-line 'of'articulation l 68a and are each provided with a series of horizontally extending cuts or lines of perforationarranged instepped formation and generally indicated at 118a. Vertical score lines or lines of fold Illa are arranged as shown and these in conjunction with the cut lines 'll lla form a plurality of rectangular areas or straps [12a which straps will ultimately form the cell walls of the container.

The blank will befolded asby the method described in conjunction with the blank of Fig. 29

resulting in a knock-down container as illustrated in Figj34 where the Various panels not here described have-been-provided with-reference numerals similar to the blank of Fig. 29. During or before the folding process adhesivewill be applied to proper areas so'that the inner portions or those portions of the panels 465a and l6la which adjoin the score line 168a willbe adhered together. at 180 and It'll in Fig. 34. In the area indicated The areas thus adhered are indicated be-observed that the panels extendbeyond the limits of the main body panels of the container at either side.

With the blank folded and glued as in Fig, 34 and with application of pressure upon the side wall members, as'required forerecting all-other containers described herein, the portions 7 of the panels 166a and lBl-a-which are'adhered together by the adhesive areas I80 and 18!, and-which lie below the horizontal cut lines as seen in that =figure,=wi1l be moved inward or towardeachother thus causing the straps [12a to turnabout the score lines Illa; as indicated in :Fig...35, which figure is a-planview of the container inpartly -erectedpos'ition.

Figs. 36 and 37 illustrate the container in com: pletely erected position with the strap l'I-Za at right angles to the side walls of the carton.

In my preferred arrangement, which is come mon throughout most forms of the invention as shown and described herein, the glue flap is are ticulated to the side walls and is preferably placed on the outside of the main body wall to which it is secured, rather than the inside. By this arrangement I accomplish two things:

First, there is no independent folding of the narrow panel by itself, as in each case the fold.- ing comprises that of at least half the side panel plus the glue flap, giving a substantial over.- all width toengage and fold.

Second, the width of the glue flap itself is not limited by the dimensions of the carton, because the width of the glue flap is not determined by the thickness of the oartion itself. Within the limits .of the total width of the entire package, the glue flaps can be just as Wide as necessary to secure dependable adhesion, and since the area covered is a large factor in obtainin adhesion and also since securing dependable adhesion is an absolute essential particularly for cartons for ammunition and cartridges, the advantages of this arrangement are quite discernable.

Another advantage of the above feature, is that the possible obstruction of an interior glue flap in handicapping the loading or fillin of the container is likewise done away with.

It should be further noted that all of the constructions ;I have shown are well adapted to be made on the types of high speed automatic gluing and folding machinery, readily available with only minor modifications, which equipment has been toucheduponpreviously in this description.

the several formscan be squared up complete ready for lilling and packing merely pressing in th o me a ol in an are Pert soflefl wel -adapt h reb to hi s e n .eflie e ad ng, he -by. machi or byh nd.

In all forms two directions, of folding are required and in ,eachinstance there are medialfold lines. on both sides .as well as on. the base orfbot- ,tom,;-so that three out ofthefivesides ofthe conportion .of the panel whichit is tomeet; other variations .in the particular. order of folding .or arrangement of flaps, that have. already 5 been mentioned and it is apparent that theseand other variations of a like nature, come within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of making knocked-down boxes from out and creased blanks having a front wall, with side walls having medial lines of fold therein articulated thereto, glue flaps articulated to said side Walls, a bottom wall with a medial line of fold therein, a back Wall having an inner supporting panel articulated thereto, said inner supporting panel having foldedly connected thereto a partition panel with a medial fold line therein and a glue flap articulated to said partition panel, which includes moving said blanks along in a part parallel to the medial fold line in the bottom wall, folding inwardly along the line of articulation of the back wall and the inner supporting panel and folding reversely along the medial line in the partition panel, retaining all folds in folded position and folding inwardly along the medial line of said bottom wall, changing the direction of motion of the blanks and moving them parallel to the medial fold lines of the side walls, and folding inwardly along said side wall medial fold line.

2. The method of making knocked-down boxes from out and creased blanks having a front wall, with side walls having medial lines of fold therein articulated thereto, glue flaps articulated to said side Walls, a bottom wall with a medial line of fold therein, a back wall having an inner supporting panel articulated thereto, said inner supporting panel having foldedly connected thereto a partition panel with a medial fold line therein and a glue flap articulated to said partition panel, which includes moving said blanks along in a path parallel to the medial fold line in the bottom wall, folding inwardly along the line of articulation of the back wall and the inner supporting panel and folding reversely along the medial line in the partition panel, retaining all folds in folded position and folding inwardly along the medial line of said bottom wall, changing the direction of motion of the blanks and moving them parallel to the medial fold lines of the side walls, and folding inwardly along said side wall medial fold line after applying adhesive between the meeting surfaces of the side wall glue flaps and the back wall.

3. The method of making knocked-down boxes from out and creased blanks having a front wall,

with side walls having medial lines of fold therein articulated thereto, glue flaps articulated to said side walls, a bottom Wall with a medial line of fold therein, a back wall having an inner supporting panel articulated thereto, said inner sup porting panel having foldedly connected thereto a partition panel with a medial line of fold therein,

and a glue flap articulated to said partition panel, which includes moving said blanks along in a path parallel to the medial fold line of the bottom wall, applying adhesive to a portion of the inner supporting panel adjacent to the line of fold of the partition panel and to a portion of the front wall, folding inwardly alongthe line of articulation of the back wall and the inner supporting panel, and folding reversely along the medial lines of the partition panels, retaining all folds in folded position and folding inwardly along the medial line of said bottom wall, changing the direction of motion of the blanks and moving them parallel to the medial line of fold of the side Walls, and folding inwardly along said side wall medial fold lines.

4. The method of making knocked-down boxes from out and creased blanks having a front wall,

with side walls having medial lines of fold therein articulated thereto, glue flaps articulated to said side walls, a bottom wall with a medial line of fold therein, a back wall having an inner supporting panel articulated thereto, said inner supporting panel having foldedly connected thereto a partition panel with a medial line of fold therein and a glue flap articulated to said partition panel, which includes moving said blanks along, applying adhesive to a portion of the inner supporting panel adjacent to the line of fold of the partition panel and to a portion of the front wall, folding inwardly along the line of articulation of the back wall and the inner supporting panel, and folding reversely along the medial line in the partition panel, retaining all folds in folded position and folding inwardly along the medial lines of said bottom wall and thereafter folding in- V wardly along said side wall medial fold lines.

5. The method of making boxes knocked-down on medial lines of fold which includes making an inward fold and a reverse fold in panels articulated to one main body wall blank, and folding said wall into superposed position over the opposite main body wall said last named fold being carried out on a medial line of fold in a bottom wall connecting said two main body Walls.

6. The method of making boxes knocked-down on medial lines of fold which includes making an inward fold and a reverse fold in panels articulated to one main body wall blank, and folding said wall into superposed position over the opposite main body wall said last named fold being carried out on a medial line of fold in :a bottom wall connecting said two main body walls and after application of adhesive to retain portions of said first named folded panels to the respective main body walls.

ROBERT MORRIS BERGSTEIN. 

